DOE Part III-LED产品测试流程标准翻译：Page-05
NEMA要求DOE将CRI的测试要求从LED灯的测试程序中删除，理由是这些要求对于FTC的标签来说是没有必要的。NEMA指出，由于DOE已经从测试程序中删除了其他参数，以便与FTC标签参数保持一致，它也应该删除CRI。NEMA还评论说，将该测试程序中涉及的参数限制在FTC照明事实标签所需的参数，将缩短完成该测试程序规则制定的时间，使FTC能够更早地利用该测试程序。(NEMA, No. 42 at p. 3)NEMA requested DOE to remove test requirements for CRI from the LED lamps test procedure, citing that they are not necessary for FTC labeling purposes. NEMA noted that because DOE has removed other parameters from the test procedure to be consistent with FTC labeling parameters, it should remove CRI as well. NEMA also commented that limiting the parameters addressed in this test procedure to just those needed for the FTC Lighting Facts Label will shorten the time to complete this test procedure rulemaking and enable the FTC to utilize this test procedure earlier. (NEMA, No. 42 at p. 3)
迄今为止，删除本规则制定中已经涉及的参数不会缩短完成最终规则所需的时间。能源部的建议已经收到了几轮评论，最近的SNOPR中的大多数建议没有收到利益相关者的评论，这表明普遍同意。
Removing parameters already addressed in this rulemaking to date will not shorten the time needed to complete the final rule. DOE’s proposals have already received several rounds of comments and the majority of proposals in the most recent SNOPR received no comments from stakeholders, indicating general agreement.
能源部在2012年4月的NOPR中的建议最初是为了支持FTC照明事实计划。77 FR 21040。然而，在这个规则制定过程中，DOE扩大了测试程序的范围，以支持一般服务灯具的节能标准。规则的制定。虽然FTC不要求CRI在FTC照明事实标签上报告，但EPA在能源之星计划要求的2.0版本中对CRI有要求。11 由于前面描述的CRI测试方法已经被行业利益相关者审查和认可，能源部在这个测试程序中保留了CRI，以支持能源之星灯具规范V2.0。
DOE’s proposal in the April 2012 NOPR was originally intended to support the FTC Lighting Facts program. 77 FR 21040. However, over the course of this rulemaking, DOE expanded the scope of the test procedure to also support the general service lamps energy conservation standards rulemaking. While FTC does not require CRI to be reported on the FTC Lighting Facts Label, EPA has requirements for CRI in Version 2.0 of the ENERGY STAR Program Requirements: Product Specification for Lamps (Light Bulbs) (hereafter ‘‘ENERGY STAR Lamps Specification V2.0’’) 10 and the version currently in effect (hereafter ENERGY STAR Lamps Specification V1.1).11Because the test methods for CRI described earlier have been reviewed and vetted by industry stakeholders, DOE maintained CRI in this test procedure in support of the ENERGY STAR Lamps Specification V2.0.
家电标准意识项目、自然资源保护委员会和美国节能经济委员会（以下简称EEA）和NEMA都在他们关于颜色测试的评论中提到了一个最新的颜色行业标准，IES TM-30-15。NEMA评论说，TM-30-15旨在确定和更好地量化消费者对色彩表现的偏好，在该标准最终确定之前，DOE不应该使用该标准中描述的衡量标准来设定一个最低标准。(NEMA, No. 42 at p. 2) EEAs表示，新标准的目的是最终取代CRI，虽然不应该在规则制定中立即指定最低值，但应该要求制造商提供基于TM-30-15的显色信息。(EEAs, No. 43 at pp. 3-4)
The Appliance Standards Awareness Project, Natural Resources Defense Council and the American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (hereafter referred to as EEAs) and NEMA both noted an updated industry standard for color, IES TM–30–15, in their comments regarding color testing. NEMA commented that TM–30–15 is intended to identify and better quantify consumer preferences regarding color rendition, and that DOE should not set a minimum standard using the metric described in this standard until it is finalized. (NEMA, No. 42 at p. 2) EEAs indicated that the new standard is intended to eventually replace CRI, and while there should be no immediate minimum value specified in a rulemaking, manufacturers should be required to provide color rendering information based on TM–30–15. (EEAs, No. 43 at pp. 3–4)
在审查了新公布的行业标准后，DOE目前不会要求制造商提供基于TM-30-15的显色性信息。DOE指出，该标准中描述的指标不是DOE、FTC或能源之星的要求。DOE将继续监测行业对TM-30-15的接受程度和能源之星的要求。如果需要的话，DOE可以在以后的时间里启动规则制定并纳入TM-30-15。
Having reviewed the newly published industry standard, DOE will not require manufacturers to provide color rendering information based on TM–30– 15 at this time. DOE notes that the metrics described in the standard are not required by DOE, FTC, or ENERGY STAR. DOE will continue to monitor industry acceptance of TM–30–15 and the requirements for ENERGY STAR. DOE can initiate a rulemaking and incorporate TM–30–15 at a later time, if needed.
CA IOUs还要求DOE修改LED灯的测试程序，要求制造商在测量和报告CRI时报告整套测试颜色样本，即R1到R14。到R14，测量和报告CRI。CA IOUs描述了计算CRI的过程，这是一个基于前8个测试颜色样本（R1到R8）的平均颜色指标。CA IOUs要求DOE规定报告整个测试颜色样本，因为平均CRI值不一定能准确描述灯的颜色性能。换句话说，灯可以有类似的CRI值，但颜色性能可能会有所不同，这取决于消费者所期望的设计标准。CA IOUs提出了一个例子，即两个具有相似的光输出、CCT和CRI的灯。这两个灯具有相似的光输出、CCT和CRI，但R8值却有很大的不同。每个灯都会有不同的粉红色/红色的饱和度，根据所需的应用，导致消费者的满意度不同。因此，CA IOUs建议DOE在DOE测试程序中特别包括对R1到R14的测量，以提高消费者的满意度。(CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 6-7)
CA IOUs also requested that DOE modify the LED lamps test procedure to require manufacturers to report the entire set of test color samples, R1 through R14, when measuring and reporting CRI. CA IOUs described the process for calculating CRI, which is an average color metric based on the first eight test color samples, R1 through R8. CA IOUs asked DOE to specify the reporting of the entire set of test color samples because the average CRI value may not always accurately depict color performance of a lamp. In other words, lamps can have similar CRI values but the color performance may vary depending on the desired design criteria of the consumer. CA IOUs presented an example of two lamps with similar light output, CCT, and CRI, but that have significantly different R8 values. Each lamp would have a different saturation in the pink/red hue, leading to varying consumer satisfaction depending on the desired application. Therefore, CA IOUs recommended DOE to specifically include the measurements of R1 through R14 in the DOE test procedure to enhance consumer satisfaction. (CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 6–7)
能源部理解消费者对灯泡颜色的满意度的重要性。尽管联邦贸易委员会不要求报告CRI，而且能源部在制定一般服务灯的规则时可能不要求该指标，但能源之星对CFL和LED灯都有最低CRI要求。这些要求是就平均指标而言的，而不是就前八种颜色样本的个别数值而言的。因此，尽管CRI的参考标准提供了一种测量CA IOUs描述的14种不同颜色样本的方法，DOE在这个测试程序中只提供了基于前8个值的平均指标（即CRI）的认证规定。正如本节之前的答复中所述，能源部将继续监测颜色指标在行业中的使用情况，并可以在未来的某个时间点修订显色值的认证条款。
DOE understands the importance of consumer satisfaction regarding lamp color. Although FTC does not require CRI to be reported, and DOE may not require the metric in its rulemaking for general service lamps, ENERGY STAR has minimum CRI requirements for both CFL and LED lamps. The requirements are in terms of the average metric rather than the individual values of the first eight color samples. Therefore, although the referenced standard for CRI provides a method for measuring the fourteen different color samples described by the CA IOUs, DOE is providing certification provisions in this test procedure for only the average metric based on the first eight values (i.e., CRI). As described in a previous response in this section, DOE will continue to monitor the use of color metrics in the industry and can revise the certification provisions for color rendering values at a future point in time.
G. 测量功率因数Measuring Power Factor
在2015年7月的SNOPR中，DOE建议包括一个功率因数的测试程序，因为电能质量会影响能源消耗。功率因数是实际功率与视在功率的无量纲比值，只适用于交流输入灯，其中实际功率是LED灯的测量输入功率，视在功率等于测量输入电流和输入电压的乘积。如前所述，IES LM-79-08中没有直接描述功率因数的测试程序，但规定了测量计算功率因数所需数值的仪器。
In the July 2015 SNOPR, DOE proposed to include a test procedure for power factor, because power quality can impact energy consumption. Power factor is a dimensionless ratio of real power to apparent power that applies only to AC-input lamps, where real power is the measured input power of the LED lamp and apparent power is equal to the product of measured input current and input voltage. As mentioned previously, a test procedure for power factor is not described directly in IES LM–79–08, but the instrumentation for measuring the values necessary for calculating power factor is specified.
能源部建议通过将测量的输入功率除以输入电流和输入电压的乘积来计算功率因素。在调理和稳定之后，LED灯的输入功率、输入电流和输入电压将使用IES LM-79-08第8.0节规定的仪器进行测量。输入功率、输入电流和输入电压将使用与2015年7月SNOPR中提议的流明输出、灯效、CCT和CRI相同的测试条件和测试设置来测量。80 FR at 39655.
DOE proposed to calculate power factor by dividing measured input power by the product of input current and input voltage. Following seasoning and stabilization, input power, input current, and input voltage to the LED lamp would be measured using the instrumentation specified in section 8.0 of IES LM–79–08. Input power, input current, and input voltage would be measured using the same test conditions and test setup as for lumen output, lamp efficacy, CCT, and CRI as proposed in the July 2015 SNOPR. 80 FR at 39655.
能源部从利益相关者那里收到了一些关于能源部提议的测量和计算功率因素的意见。CA IOUs支持DOE增加功率因数的测试方法，指出在标准制定中更高的功率因数要求应该增加能源节约。(CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 1-2) 然而，NEMA声称DOE不应该对功率因数提出要求，因此DOE不应该在LED灯的测试程序中对功率因数提出测试方法。(NEMA, No. 42 at p. 6)
DOE received several comments from stakeholders regarding DOE’s proposed measurement and calculation of power factor. CA IOUs supported DOE’s addition of a power factor test method, noting that higher power factor requirements in a standards rulemaking should increase energy savings. (CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 1–2) However, NEMA asserted that DOE should not set requirements for power factor, and consequently DOE should not have test methods for power factor in the LED lamps test procedure. (NEMA, No. 42 at p. 6)
能源部将功率因素纳入该测试程序，以支持一般服务灯规则的制定。如果该规则的制定没有建立的要求，DOE注意到 "能源之星 "在其现行和草案的灯具规范中对功率因素有要求。因此，能源部将继续在这个最终规则中提供功率因素的测试方法。
DOE included power factor in this test procedure to potentially support the general service lamps rulemaking. If that rulemaking does not establish requirements for power factor, DOE notes that ENERGY STAR has requirements for power factor in its current and draft specifications for Lamps. Thus, DOE will continue to provide a test method for power factor in this final rule.
尽管NEMA不同意纳入该指标，但NEMA同意DOE提出的确定功率因素的方法。(NEMA, No. 42 at p. 6) 然而，CA IOUs建议DOE参考ANSI C82.77，该标准被ENERGY STAR灯具规范V2.0和加州能源委员会Title 24 Part 6（建筑能源效率标准）所参考。(CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 1-2)
Although NEMA disagreed with the inclusion of the metric, NEMA agreed with DOE’s proposed method for determining power factor. (NEMA, No. 42 at p. 6) CA IOUs recommended, however, that DOE incorporate by reference ANSI C82.77, which is referenced by the ENERGY STAR Lamps Specification V2.0 and by the California Energy Commission Title 24 Part 6 (Building Energy Efficiency Standards).12 CA IOUs noted that this standard includes more detailed specifications of test equipment capabilities and guidance related to error tolerances. (CA IOUs, No. 44 at pp. 1–2)
能源部审查了IES LM-79-08和ANSI C82.77中的设备规格和误差容限，并确定IES LM-79-08提供了比ANSI C82.77更严格的规格。
与ANSI C82.77相比，IES LM-79-08提供了更严格的误差容限规范。IES LM-79-08特别适用于LED灯，为测量功率因数计算的每个组成部分（即输入功率、输入电流和输入电压）提供明确的设备规格和误差容限。ANSI C82.77规定了输入电压和电流特性的公差。
DOE reviewed the equipment specifications and error tolerances in IES LM–79–08 and ANSI C82.77 and determined that IES LM–79–08 provides more stringent specifications related to error tolerances than ANSI C82.77. IES LM–79–08, which specifically applies to LED lamps, provides explicit equipment specifications and error tolerances for measuring each component of the power factor calculation (i.e., input power, input current, and input voltage). ANSI C82.77 specifies tolerances for input voltage and current characteristics.
然而，它并没有详细说明输入电源或功率测量装置的任何公差或不确定性。IES LM-79-08规定，交流功率计的校准不确定度必须小于或等于0.5%。此外，IES LM-79-08中对提供给被测产品的电压所规定的公差更为严格。ANSI C82.77规定，输入电压必须在额定值的±2%以内，而IES LM-79-08规定，应用于LED灯的输入电压必须在额定灯输入电压的±0.2%以内。由于IES LM-79-08包含了全面解决LED灯的规范，并且在确定功率因数方面更加严格，DOE在这个最终规则中保持了其测量功率因数的方法。
However, it does not detail any tolerances or uncertainties for the input power supply or power measuring device. IES LM–79–08 specifies that the calibration uncertainty of the AC power meter must be less than or equal to 0.5 percent. Further, the tolerance specified for the voltage supplied to the tested product is more stringent in IES LM– 79–08. ANSI C82.77 specifies that the input voltage must be within ±2 percent of the rated value, while IES LM–79–08 specifies that the input voltage applied to the LED lamp must be within ±0.2 percent of the rated lamp input voltage. Because IES LM–79–08 contains specifications that comprehensively address LED lamps and are more stringent for determining power factor, DOE maintained its approach in this final rule for measuring power factor.
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